{"id":19,"date":"2015-06-27T00:13:45","date_gmt":"2015-06-26T21:13:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.masharif.com\/ar\/?p=19"},"modified":"2017-05-04T13:40:02","modified_gmt":"2017-05-04T10:40:02","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%91%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%91-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%91%d9%87%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%91-%d9%88%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.masharif.com\/ar\/2015\/06\/27\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%91%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%91-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%91%d9%87%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%91-%d9%88%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0633 : \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Patrick-Berta-Forgas\"<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0651\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0651\u062d \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631 \u00a0\u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u00a0 \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u00a0\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u00a0\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629: \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629” \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648”(<\/span>Tel quel<\/span> ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a(3) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00a0 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 ( <\/span>Philippe Sollers<\/span> ) \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0625 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0648 “\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647”… \u00a0\u0648\u0628”\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647”(4)\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a (<\/span>Roland Barthes \u00a0\u00a01915 -1980<\/span>) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628”\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641”(5) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u064a ( <\/span>Jean Pierre Faye<\/span> ) \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0651\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 “\u063a\u064e\u064a\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0652”(<\/span>Change<\/span> ) \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0630\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0629.\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0651\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a(6).<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:” \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633.\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u0630 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u062d\u0651\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u00a0 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2010 \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629*\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0652\u0643\u064e\u0645\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0650 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 .\u0648\u0647\u0648\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0634\u0626\u0646\u0627\u060c\u00a0 “\u0623\u0646\u0627” \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0632\u064e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0648”\u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647” \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0642\u0644 (<\/span>Hegel \u00a0\u00a01770 – 1831<\/span>) “\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u00a0\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647” ( 12) \u0623\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0642\u0651\u060c “\u0623\u0646\u0627” \u0645\u064a\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0632\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629*\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646*\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642*\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0636\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u00a0\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u00a0 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0647\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u00a0\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646\u00a0 :\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c\u00a0 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0651\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u00a0 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647.\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b.\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u2013 \u0641\u0633\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0641\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0633\u0645\u062a\u064f \u0645\u0646\u0630\u064f \u0639\u0647\u062f\u064d \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0650\u00a0 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0650\u0643\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u064f \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629\u064b \u063a\u064a\u0631\u064e \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0650\u0643\u064f\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u063a\u062a\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0650\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0643\u064f\u0645\u0652\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0645\u064f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0644\u0645\u0650 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0628\u0651\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

( \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0629\u064f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u0650 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0650 )<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064d \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0642\u0648\u0651\u062a\u064e\u0647\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u064f\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0650\u0647\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0636\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0644\u0651\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0643\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0651\u0650 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0643\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0650 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u064c\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0631)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f\u064f \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0649<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0650\u0639\u0652 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u0651\u064e \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064d\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0648\u0636\u064f\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(\u062d\u064e\u0644\u0652\u0642\u0629\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0627\u0645 )<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0641\u0629\u0650 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0650 \u0628\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0644.\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0650 \u064a\u0637\u0641\u062d\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

2– \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645 :<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0651 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0633\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064f \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0648\u0621\u064f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0650\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u062a\u062e\u0648\u0636\u064f \u062d\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628\u0650<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0652 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u061f \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0651 ! \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631.\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u064a \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a ( <\/span>Le Littr\u00e9<\/span>) \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 ” \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645” \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0625 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645 “. \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0642 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u0627\u0624\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u062a\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 ( <\/span>de Cyr\u00e8ne<\/span> \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>H\u00e9g\u00e9sias<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span>– 300 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/em>) \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643 : ” \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0634\u0647 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f”. ( 14)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0648\u0631 (<\/span>Arthur Schopenhauer 1799 -1860<\/span>) \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0651\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642”(15) \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 ” \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627”. (16)\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627\u00a0 \u0651\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u00a0\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064e\u0651\u0631\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0651\u0650\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0650\u0644\u0652\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u00a0\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0647.\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u0651\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0642\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f (<\/span>Sigmund Freud \u00a01856 \u2013 1939<\/span> ) :” \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629”.(17)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 : \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629” \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645” \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 ” \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646”\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0651\u0644\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062a.\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627\u00a0 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0644\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u062f\u0631\u064e\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064f\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0651\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621.\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u062c\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0650 \u0647\u062f\u0645\u064d \u0648\u0625\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064d \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629.\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627\u0651 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064f \u062a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u064f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064d \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0651\u064d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u064f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0646\u0642\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064f \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628\u0650)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651.\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0643 .\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645 \u062c\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627.\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0651\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u00a0\u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u064d \u0644\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627\u00a0 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u00a0 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0627\u00a0 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0646\u062d\u062a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a.\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u00a0\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0648\u062d \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062d\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0650\u0647\u0650 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u064e \u0634\u0643\u0651\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0652\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641\u064e \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

***<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0650 \u062f\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0648\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0647\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0648\u062d\u0629\u064f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062d\u064a\u0646\u064e \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064f \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627…<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0630\u0631\u0641\u064f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0639\u064f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0643\u0651\u064e<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0651\u0641\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0651\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062a\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064d \u062b\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064d \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u00a0 \u00a0\u064a\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0651\u0627 .\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0625\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1-Voir\u00a0: site de L\u2019Harmattan, auto-pr\u00e9sentation\u00a0 de Patrick Berta Forgas.<\/span><\/p>\n

2-Ibid, la liste des recueils de Patrick Berta Forgas comporte les onze titres\u00a0suivants :<\/span><\/p>\n

3-Tel Quel<\/span><\/b><\/em>\u00a0<\/span>est une revue de litt\u00e9rature d’avant-garde, fond\u00e9e en 1960 \u00e0 Paris aux Editions du Seuil. Elle \u00a0\u00a0a paru r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1983.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- \u00ab\u00a0Tel Quel\u00a0\u00bb, Th\u00e9orie d\u2019ensemble, Seuil, Paris 1968 p 392.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Barthes(Roland),\u00a0<\/span>La mort de l’auteur,<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/i><\/span>publi\u00e9 dans la revue Manteia no. 5, 4e trimestre, Marseilles\u00a0 1968, pp 12-17.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

6-\u00ab\u00a0Change\u00a0\u00bb est une revue litt\u00e9raire d’avant-garde, fond\u00e9e \u00e0 Paris en 1968 aux Editions du Seuil o\u00f9 elle a continu\u00e9 \u00e0 para\u00eetre jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1972 puis chez Seghers \/ Laffont\u00a0jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1983.<\/span><\/p>\n

7-Sartre(Jean-Paul), L\u2019existentialisme est un humanisme, Nagel, Paris, 1946 p. 37.<\/span><\/p>\n

8-Camus ( Albert),L’Homme r\u00e9volte, Les \u00c9ditions Gallimard, Paris 1951 p.38.<\/span><\/p>\n

9-\u00ab\u00a0Langages\u00a0\u00bb no 1, Elabor\u00e9 par Tzvetan Todorov,\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Recherches s\u00e9mantiques\u00a0\u00bb,Larousse, Paris 1966 128 pages.Il entend par\u00a0\u00bbAnomalie\u00a0\u00bb les phrases grammaticales susceptibles de d\u00e9router le lecteur en suscitant chez le lecteur un sentiment d\u2019\u00e9tranget\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

10-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ces po\u00e8mes ont pour titres \u00ab\u00a0Parall\u00e8les en qu\u00eate d\u2019horizon\u00a0\u00bbet \u00ab\u00a0suites infinies\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

11-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Voir\u00a0: site de L\u2019Harmattan, auto-pr\u00e9sentation\u00a0 de Patrick Berta Forgas.<\/span><\/p>\n

12-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hegel (G.w.F), Ph\u00e9nom\u00e9nologie de l\u2019esprit, XI p.7.<\/span><\/p>\n

13-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rousseau(J.J), \u00c9mile ; \u00c9ducation, Morale, Botanique, Biblioth\u00e8que de la Pl\u00e9iade, Volume 4, Paris 1990 p. 151.<\/span><\/p>\n

14-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 La\u00ebrce (Diog\u00e8ne), Traduction de Robert Genaille,\u00a0<\/span>Vie, doctrines et sentences des philosophes illustres<\/span><\/em>, trad. Robert Genaille,\u00a0 Garnier-Flammarion, 1965 T.2 p.94.<\/span><\/p>\n

15-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Schopenhauer( Arthur ),Le monde comme volont\u00e9 et comme Repr\u00e9sentation, traduction d’Auguste Burdeau en1885, r\u00e9vis\u00e9e par Richard Roos et publi\u00e9e aux PUF,Paris 1966 livre 4 p.56.<\/span><\/p>\n

16-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Idem., p.57.<\/span><\/p>\n

17-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Freud (Sigmund),\u00a0Malaise dans la civilisation, Paris, PUF, 1971<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a :\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

*\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 ( <\/span>Compartiment<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

*\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629(<\/span>R\u00e9trospection<\/span> )<\/span><\/p>\n

*\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646 ( <\/span>Introspection<\/span> )<\/span><\/p>\n

*\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0642( <\/span>Prospection<\/span> )\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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